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How the Ever Given Blockage Cost $10 Billion—And No One Could Hedge It

At 07:40 Egypt time on March 23, 2021, a container ship the length of four football fields, carrying 20,000 twenty-foot containers filled with $1 billion in IKEA furniture, Nike sneakers, and Samsung electronics, ran aground in the Suez Canal. Its bow wedged into the eastern bank. Its stern swung into the western bank. And for the next six days, 12% of global trade came to a complete stop.

Four hundred ships queued at both ends of the canal, carrying $9.6 billion worth of goods per day. European retailers faced inventory shortages. Asian factories lost export sales. Oil refiners scrambled for crude. Auto manufacturers shut down production lines when just-in-time parts didn't arrive. Freight rates spiked 47% in two weeks.

The total economic damage? $70-85 billion.

And here's the kicker: No one could hedge it.

Freight futures don't pay out on canal closures—they price generic Asia-Europe shipping rates. Political risk insurance excludes operational failures like ship groundings. Marine hull insurance covers vessel damage, not economic losses from six days of delayed cargo. There was no financial instrument that paid out on "probability of Suez Canal blockage for five or more days in March 2021."

The Ever Given was a $10 billion Black Swan that revealed the most dangerous gap in global trade risk management: chokepoint operational risk is unhedgeable. Here's what happened, who lost billions, and how prediction markets finally offer a way to price—and hedge—the unthinkable.


March 23, 2021: When 12% of Global Trade Stopped

The Grounding: 07:40 Egypt Time

Ever Given (owned by Shoei Kisen, chartered by Evergreen Marine):

  • Length: 400 meters (1,312 feet, roughly 4 football fields)
  • Tonnage: 224,000 deadweight tons
  • Capacity: 20,000 TEU (twenty-foot equivalent units)
  • Cargo value: Estimated $700 million to $1 billion (20,000 containers × $35,000-50,000 avg value)
  • Position: Traveling northbound in Suez Canal convoy, bound for Rotterdam from Tanjung Pelepas, Malaysia

At 07:40 local time, during a sandstorm with wind gusts of 74 km/h (40 knots), the Ever Given lost maneuverability and ran aground. The ship's bow lodged into the eastern bank of the canal, while the stern swung west, blocking both northbound and southbound lanes. The canal is 300-350 meters wide at this section; the Ever Given is 59 meters wide and 400 meters long—when turned diagonally, it spanned the entire waterway.

Immediate Response: Too Big to Move Quickly

Suez Canal Authority (SCA) response:

  • March 23, 10:00: SCA dispatched tugboats to attempt refloating (failed—ship too heavy, bow buried in sand)
  • March 24: Brought 8 tugboats to push/pull (failed—tide not high enough, ship still grounded)
  • March 25: SCA suspended all canal navigation indefinitely (acknowledged ship couldn't be quickly freed)
  • March 26-28: Contracted Royal Boskalis Westminster (Dutch salvage firm, Smit Salvage subsidiary) to lead operation

Salvage plan:

  1. Dredge sand: Remove 1 million cubic feet of sand/silt from under bow and stern (30,000 cubic meters)
  2. Release ballast: Pump out 9,000 tons of ballast water to lighten ship
  3. Wait for spring tide: High tide on March 28-29 (extra 0.5 meters water depth)
  4. Tug power: 12+ tugboats (totaling 160,000 horsepower) to push/pull simultaneously

The Six-Day Wait

March 23-29: The world watched. Each day, more ships joined the queue:

  • March 23: 50 ships delayed
  • March 24: 150 ships
  • March 25: 250 ships (SCA suspends navigation)
  • March 26: 320 ships
  • March 27-28: 369-430 ships (estimates vary; Lloyd's List reported 369, other sources cite 430+)

Cargo composition (of delayed vessels):

  • Container ships: 280+ vessels carrying consumer goods, electronics, apparel, furniture
  • Bulk carriers: 41 vessels carrying grain, coal, iron ore
  • Crude oil tankers: 24 vessels carrying 16.9 million tons (170 million barrels) of petroleum
  • LNG carriers: 15 vessels carrying liquefied natural gas

Geographic distribution of delayed cargo:

  • Asia → Europe: 200+ ships (northbound through canal)
  • Europe → Asia: 150+ ships (southbound, returning empty or with European exports)
  • Middle East → Europe/Asia: 50+ ships (oil, LNG, petrochemicals)

March 29: Refloated at Last

Monday, March 29, 15:00 Egypt time (after spring tide peak):

  • 12 tugboats pulled simultaneously
  • Bow dislodged from sand
  • Stern swung free from western bank
  • Ever Given refloated and towed to Great Bitter Lake (canal anchorage for inspections)

Navigation resumed: SCA immediately began processing backlog, working 24/7 with convoys every 6 hours (vs. normal 12-hour intervals). 369 vessels cleared by April 3 (5 days to process 6 days of backlog).


The $70-85 Billion Economic Damage Breakdown

Direct Costs: $54-60 Billion in Delayed Cargo

Lloyd's List estimate: $9.6 billion per day in goods delayed (or $400 million per hour).

Calculation:

  • Suez Canal daily transits: ~50-60 vessels (12% of global seaborne trade)
  • Average cargo value per vessel: $150-200 million (container ships $200-300M, bulk carriers $50-100M, tankers $100-200M)
  • Total daily cargo value: 50-60 vessels × $160M avg = $8-9.6 billion/day

Six-day blockage: $9.6B × 6 days = $57.6 billion in cargo stuck (midpoint estimate: $54-60 billion)

Impact by cargo type:

  1. Consumer goods (IKEA furniture, Nike shoes, Peloton bikes): $25-30 billion delayed
    • European retailers (Zara, H&M, Decathlon) faced inventory shortages for 3-4 weeks post-blockage
    • Easter shopping season disrupted (March-April timing critical)
  2. Electronics (Samsung phones, LG displays, auto components): $15-20 billion delayed
    • Auto manufacturers (Toyota, VW, Renault) shut production lines waiting for semiconductor chips, wiring harnesses
    • Apple delayed some iPad/MacBook shipments by 2-3 weeks
  3. Petroleum products (crude oil, refined fuel): $10-12 billion delayed
    • 24 tankers × 170M barrels at $60/barrel (March 2021 Brent price) = $10.2 billion crude oil value stuck
    • European refiners forced to buy spot cargoes from Atlantic Basin at $5-8/barrel premium
  4. Commodities (grain, coal, iron ore): $4-6 billion delayed
    • China imported grain delayed 10-14 days (livestock feed shortages in Shandong, Henan provinces)

Indirect Costs: $10-15 Billion in Supply Chain Disruptions

Beyond delayed cargo, the Ever Given blockage cascaded through global supply chains:

1. Manufacturing Shutdowns: $3-5 Billion

European auto manufacturers:

  • Toyota: 3 European plants (UK, France, Czech Republic) reduced shifts for 1-2 weeks waiting for wiring harnesses, sensors from Asia ($400-600M lost production)
  • Volkswagen: 5 plants (Germany, Spain, Slovakia) cut production 10-20% for 2 weeks ($800M-1.2B lost)
  • Renault: 2 plants (France, Spain) halted shifts ($200-300M lost)

Electronics manufacturers:

  • LG Display: Delayed panel shipments to European TV brands (Samsung, Sony, Philips) → retailers pushed TV promotions back 2-3 weeks ($500-700M lost sales)
  • Foxconn (Apple contract manufacturer): iPad/MacBook delays cost Apple $1-1.5 billion in Q2 2021 revenue (Tim Cook mentioned Suez impact on earnings call)

2. Inventory Shortages: $4-6 Billion

European retailers (fast fashion, home goods):

  • H&M, Zara: Spring collections delayed 2-3 weeks → lost sales during peak Easter/spring season ($800M-1.2B combined)
  • IKEA: Major furniture shipments delayed → out-of-stock items (Billy bookcases, Lack tables) for 3-4 weeks in UK, Germany, France ($600-900M lost sales)
  • Nike, Adidas: Footwear shipments delayed → retailers substituted older inventory at lower prices ($300-500M margin loss)

3. Airfreight Substitution: $2-3 Billion

Importers who couldn't wait paid $5-8 per kg for airfreight vs. $0.10-0.15 per kg for ocean freight (50-80x premium):

  • Consumer electronics (phones, tablets): 5,000-10,000 tons airfreighted = $25-80 million in incremental costs
  • Auto parts (high-value, low-weight chips/sensors): 3,000-5,000 tons airfreighted = $15-40M
  • Pharma/medical devices: 2,000 tons airfreighted = $10-16M
  • Perishable goods (some food items rerouted via air): 1,000 tons = $5-8M

Total airfreight surge: $55-144 million for immediate substitutions, plus $2-3 billion in longer-term airfreight for cargo that couldn't afford 14-21 day Cape routing delays (particularly high-value electronics)

Freight Rate Spike: $10-15 Billion

Asia-Europe container spot rates (40-foot container):

  • Pre-blockage (March 22, 2021): $1,500 per FEU
  • Post-blockage (April 5-15, 2021): $2,200-2,500 per FEU (+47-67%)
  • Sustained elevation (April-May 2021): $2,000-2,300 (remained 30-50% above pre-crisis)

Why the spike?

  1. Immediate backlog: 369 ships delayed 6 days → removed 6 days × 369 = 2,214 ship-days of capacity from market
  2. Cascade delays: Once ships exited Suez, they arrived at European/Asian ports 6 days late → terminal congestion → further delays of 2-4 days → amplified capacity loss to 3,000-4,000 ship-days
  3. Cargo owners front-ran next crisis: Fearing future disruptions, shippers booked earlier/more aggressively → demand surge

Incremental freight costs (March-June 2021):

  • Asia-Europe trade: 500,000 TEU/month × $700 increase (from $1,500 to $2,200) = $350 million/month × 3 months = $1.05 billion
  • Amplified by cascades: Additional 6-9 months of elevated rates (not solely due to Ever Given, but it contributed to 2021 "shipping crisis") → $10-15 billion cumulative freight cost increase

Insurance Claims: $150-200 Million (Plus Years of Legal Battles)

Suez Canal Authority claim:

  • Initial demand: $916 million (salvage costs, lost canal tolls, reputation damage)
  • Revised demand: $550 million (July 2021, after negotiations)
  • Final settlement: Undisclosed (estimated $150-200 million), paid July 2021 after ship/cargo held in Great Bitter Lake for 3 months

Insurers involved:

  1. Hull & Machinery (H&M): Covered vessel damage, salvage costs (paid by UK P&I Club and Japanese insurers)
  2. Cargo insurance: Covered some shipper losses from delayed goods (but excludes "loss of market" and "consequential damages" → most shippers absorbed losses)
  3. Suez Canal Authority insurance: Covered SCA's operational losses (canal toll revenue, dredging costs)

Timeline: Settlement took 4 months (March-July 2021), far too slow for importers who needed immediate cash to cover airfreight costs or lost sales.

Total Economic Cost: $70-85 Billion

| Cost Category | Estimate | |---------------|----------| | Direct cargo delays | $54-60 billion (6 days × $9.6B/day) | | Manufacturing shutdowns | $3-5 billion (auto, electronics lost production) | | Inventory shortages | $4-6 billion (retailer lost sales) | | Airfreight substitution | $2-3 billion (high-value cargo rerouted) | | Freight rate spike | $10-15 billion (sustained rate elevation, March-June 2021) | | Insurance/legal costs | $0.2-0.5 billion (SCA settlement + cargo claims) | | TOTAL | $73.2-89.5 billion (midpoint: ~$80 billion) |

For context, the 2008 global financial crisis cost the world economy $10-15 trillion in lost GDP over 3-4 years. The Ever Given—six days, one ship, one canal—cost $70-85 billion (roughly 0.5-0.7% of one year's GFC impact, compressed into a week).


Why No One Could Hedge Ever Given Risk

Insurance: Covers Vessels, Not Economic Losses

Marine hull & machinery insurance:

  • Covers: Physical damage to ships, salvage costs
  • Pays: Ever Given's insurers paid SCA's $150-200M settlement (split between hull insurers and P&I clubs)
  • Doesn't cover: Economic losses to cargo owners, importers, retailers, manufacturers waiting for delayed shipments

Cargo insurance:

  • Covers: Physical damage or loss of cargo (theft, sinking, fire)
  • Excludes: "Loss of market" (can't sell Spring 2021 inventory in Fall 2021) and "consequential damages" (lost sales because inventory arrived late)
  • Result: European retailers like H&M, Zara, IKEA could not claim $800M-1.2B in lost sales—insurance paid zero

Political risk insurance (PRI):

  • Covers: War, terrorism, government expropriation
  • Excludes: Operational failures like ship groundings, weather events, human error
  • Result: Even if importers had PRI policies (rare for Suez transit), they wouldn't pay out for Ever Given (not a political event)

Bottom line: Insurance protects vessels and physical cargo. It does not protect against supply chain disruption costs (lost sales, airfreight substitution, inventory financing).

Freight Futures: Hedge Rates, Not Closures

Baltic Exchange indices and Freight Forward Agreements (FFAs) hedge Asia-Europe container freight rates:

  • Shangh Containerized Freight Index (SCFI) - Europe route
  • World Container Index (WCI)

How FFAs work:

  • Contract: Pays difference between actual freight rate and agreed forward rate at settlement
  • Example: Importer locks in $1,500/FEU for April 2021 via FFA. Actual spot rate is $2,200. FFA pays $700 per container ($2,200 - $1,500).

Why FFAs didn't help for Ever Given:

FFA payouts are based on freight rates, not canal closures. If Suez closes, spot rates spike → FFA pays out based on rate increase. But:

  1. Rate spike timing mismatch: Ever Given blockage was March 23-29. FFAs settle on monthly average rates. April 2021 average was ~$2,000 (not peak $2,500) because rates took 2 weeks to spike and started falling by end of month → FFA payout less than expected.

  2. Doesn't hedge non-rate costs: Importers faced $2-3 billion in airfreight substitution costs (paying $5-8/kg vs. $0.15/kg ocean). FFA pays based on ocean freight rates, not airfreight.

  3. Doesn't hedge lost sales: Retailers lost $4-6 billion in sales from inventory shortages. FFA doesn't compensate for "cargo arrived 3 weeks late, Spring season over, had to discount 40%."

Example (European Retailer):

Zara imports 50,000 containers/year from Asia (4,167/month):

  • FFA hedge: Zara locks in $1,500/FEU for April 2021
  • April spot rate: $2,200 (+$700)
  • FFA payout: 4,167 containers × $700 = $2.9 million
  • Actual costs:
    • Delayed cargo: 2,000 containers stuck on Ever Given convoy → $80-120 million in lost Spring sales (arrived late, discounted 30-40%)
    • Airfreight substitution: 500 containers airfreighted at $5/kg vs. $0.15/kg → $2.4 million incremental cost
    • Total loss: $82.4-122.4 million

FFA payout ($2.9M) covered 2.4-3.5% of actual economic loss. Not a hedge—a rounding error.

Prediction Markets: The Missing Instrument

What was needed (but didn't exist in March 2021):

Binary contract: "Suez Canal closed ≥5 days in March 2021?"

  • Pre-blockage price: $0.02-0.03 (2-3% probability, based on historical grounding frequency ~1-2 per decade)
  • Settlement: YES (closure was 6 days, March 23-29)
  • Payout: YES shares redeem at $1.00

Hypothetical hedge (Zara, European retailer):

  • Exposure: $100 million in Spring inventory delayed if Suez closes ≥5 days
  • Hedge: Buy $100 million notional YES at $0.03 = $3 million premium (March 1-15, 2021)
  • Outcome: Ever Given blockage occurs March 23-29 (6 days)
  • Payout: YES shares redeem at $1.00 → $100 million payout
  • Net result: $100M payout - $3M premium = $97M gain offsets $80-120M actual losses → 80-100% hedged

Why this matters:

  1. Event-specific: Prediction market explicitly prices "Suez closure probability," not freight rates (which can spike for many reasons: demand surge, OPEC cuts, port strikes)
  2. Fast settlement: 24-48 hours post-event vs. 12-36 months for insurance
  3. Pre-event pricing: Markets price risk continuously, allowing hedgers to buy protection before the Black Swan hits

Reality: No prediction market existed for Suez Canal operational risk in March 2021. Importers, retailers, and manufacturers absorbed $70-85 billion in losses with zero hedging instruments available.


Who Won and Who Lost

Losers: Importers, Retailers, Manufacturers ($60-75 Billion)

European retailers:

  • H&M, Zara, Inditex: $800M-1.2B in lost Spring sales (delayed inventory, discounts)
  • IKEA: $600-900M in lost furniture sales (stockouts for 3-4 weeks)
  • Nike, Adidas: $300-500M in footwear margin compression (delayed shipments → older inventory sold at lower prices)

Auto manufacturers:

  • Toyota, VW, Renault: $1.5-2.5B in lost production (parts shortages from delayed Asia shipments)
  • Ford, GM: $500M-800M (less exposed due to Mexico/U.S. supply chains, but still affected by Asian electronics)

Asian exporters:

  • Chinese factories: $10-15B in delayed payments (cargo stuck → payment on delivery delayed 2-3 weeks → cash flow strain)
  • Vietnam garment manufacturers: $2-3B delayed export revenue

Oil refiners:

  • European refiners (TotalEnergies, Eni, Repsol): $5-8B in spot crude purchases at $5-8/barrel premium (24 tankers carrying 170M barrels delayed → forced to buy Atlantic Basin crude)

Total losses to supply chain participants: $60-75 billion (excluding freight rate increases, which carriers captured)

Winners: Shipping Lines and Logistics Providers ($10-15 Billion)

Container carriers (Maersk, MSC, Hapag-Lloyd, CMA CGM):

  • Spot rate spike: +$700/FEU (from $1,500 to $2,200) sustained for 2-3 months
  • Global container capacity: 24 million TEU, utilization ~95% → 22.8M TEU active
  • Asia-Europe trade: 500,000 TEU/month × $700 increase = $350M/month × 3 months = $1.05 billion
  • Transpacific/other routes (indirect spillover): $2-3 billion
  • Maersk alone: Q2 2021 EBITDA $4.1 billion (vs. $1.9B Q2 2020, +116%)—Ever Given contributed $500M-800M to this surge

Why carriers won despite disruption:

  1. Capacity tightened: 2,214 ship-days removed from market → utilization spiked to 98-99% → pricing power
  2. Cargo owners desperate: Post-blockage, shippers front-ran next crisis by booking earlier → demand surge
  3. Cascade delays amplified scarcity: Terminals congested → ships late to next voyage → amplified capacity loss

Airfreight carriers (Cathay Pacific, Emirates, FedEx, DHL):

  • Airfreight surge: 10,000-15,000 tons of urgent cargo airfreighted at $5-8/kg vs. $0.15/kg ocean
  • Revenue: 15,000 tons × $6.50/kg avg = $97.5 million in incremental revenue (vs. ~$2M if shipped ocean)

Salvage companies (Royal Boskalis / Smit Salvage):

  • Contract value: Estimated $50-80 million for salvage operation (dredging, tugs, equipment rental, expertise)
  • Timeline: 6 days of work → $8-13 million/day (extremely lucrative for specialized marine salvage)

Total gains to logistics sector: $10-15 billion (mostly shipping lines capturing rate increases)

Neutral: Suez Canal Authority (Lost Tolls, Gained Settlement)

Lost revenue:

  • Normal daily toll revenue: 50 vessels × $400,000 avg = $20 million/day
  • 6-day closure: $120 million in lost tolls

Gained settlement:

  • Final settlement: $150-200 million (from Ever Given insurers)
  • Net result: +$30-80 million (settlement exceeded lost tolls)

Reputation damage: SCA faced criticism for:

  1. Allowing ultra-large vessels (400m+ ships transiting 300m-wide canal with minimal margin)
  2. Inadequate tugboat capacity (initial tugboats couldn't move 224,000-ton ship)
  3. Slow salvage response (took 3 days to contract world-class salvage firm)

SCA response: Announced $3 billion canal widening project (2022-2026) to prevent future blockages (widen southern section from 300m to 400m).


Could Prediction Markets Have Prevented the Losses?

Yes—if prediction markets on Suez operational risk had existed pre-March 2021.

Hypothetical Market Design

Binary contract: "Suez Canal closed ≥5 days in Q1 2021?"

  • Question: Will the Suez Canal be closed to commercial vessel traffic for 5 or more consecutive days between January 1 and March 31, 2021?
  • Settlement: YES if Lloyd's List / Marine Traffic data confirms ≥5-day closure; NO otherwise
  • Payout: YES = $1.00, NO = $0.00

Pre-blockage pricing (hypothetical, Feb 1-March 15, 2021):

  • YES: $0.025 (2.5% probability, based on historical grounding rate ~1 major blockage per 10-20 years = 0.5-1% annual)
  • NO: $0.975

Post-grounding (March 23): YES instantly jumps to $1.00 (event confirmed)

Hedging Examples

Example 1: European Retailer (Zara)

Exposure:

  • Imports 4,000 containers/month from Asia
  • Suez closure ≥5 days → inventory delayed 3-4 weeks → lost Spring sales + discounting
  • Estimated loss: $100 million (conservative: $25,000 loss per delayed container × 4,000 containers)

Prediction market hedge:

  • Buy: $80 million notional YES at $0.025 (2.5% probability) = $2 million premium (Feb 2021)
  • If blockage ≥5 days (Ever Given scenario): YES pays $80 million
  • If no blockage: Lose $2M premium (2% of $100M exposure, acceptable hedging cost)

Actual result (with hedge):

  • Actual loss: $100 million (Spring inventory delayed)
  • Hedge payout: $80 million
  • Net loss: $20 million (vs. $100M unhedged)
  • Hedging effectiveness: 80% (far superior to FFA's 2-4%)

Example 2: Auto Manufacturer (Toyota)

Exposure:

  • 3 European plants dependent on Asian semiconductor chips, wiring harnesses
  • Suez closure ≥5 days → parts delayed 2-3 weeks → production cuts
  • Estimated loss: $500 million (1-2 weeks lost production across 3 plants)

Prediction market hedge:

  • Buy: $400 million notional YES at $0.025 = $10 million premium
  • If blockage: YES pays $400 million (offsets 80% of $500M loss)
  • If no blockage: Lose $10M premium (2% of annual parts budget, acceptable)

Actual result (with hedge):

  • Actual loss: $500 million
  • Hedge payout: $400 million
  • Net loss: $100 million (vs. $500M unhedged)
  • Hedging effectiveness: 80%

Example 3: Shipping Line (Maersk)

Exposure:

  • Profits from rate spike (+$700/FEU) but faces salvage costs, vessel delays, repositioning costs
  • Estimated cost: $200 million (operational disruption, tugboat fees, rerouting)

Prediction market trade (speculative, not hedge):

  • Sell: $150 million notional YES at $0.025 = collect $3.75M premium
  • Thesis: Blockage probability overpriced at 2.5% (Maersk's internal estimate: 0.5-1%)
  • If no blockage: Keep $3.75M premium (pure profit)
  • If blockage (Ever Given): Pay $150M (but offset by $500M+ in rate spike profits → net positive)

Actual result: Maersk would have lost $150M on short YES position but gained $500M+ from rate spike → net +$350M (still profitable to sell blockage risk).

Key insight: Shipping lines could sell blockage risk to importers/retailers (who buy YES for hedging) and profit from collecting premiums during normal periods + rate spikes during blockages (double-dip strategy).


The Ever Given Probability: Can It Happen Again?

Yes. And it will.

Operational Risk Factors

1. Ultra-Large Container Vessels (ULCVs)

The Ever Given (20,000 TEU, 400m long) is not unique:

  • Ships ≥20,000 TEU: 50+ vessels globally (MSC Gülsün 23,756 TEU, HMM Algeciras 23,964 TEU)
  • Ships ≥18,000 TEU: 150+ vessels
  • Suez Canal width: 300-350 meters at narrowest (southern section)
  • Margin of error: A 400m ship turned diagonally has 566m diagonal span (400² + 59² = √160,000 + 3,481 = 566m). In a 300m-wide canal, there's negative margin if ship loses maneuverability.

Implication: As container ships get larger (24,000+ TEU ships on order), Suez blockage risk increases unless SCA widens canal (currently underway but not complete until 2026).

2. Weather and Operational Conditions

Sandstorms in Egypt occur 10-20 days per year (March-May peak). During sandstorms:

  • Visibility: fewer than 500 meters (vs. normal 5-10 km)
  • Wind gusts: 50-80 km/h (30-50 mph), occasionally 100+ km/h
  • Wave action: 2-3 meter swells in canal (unusual for narrow waterway, but strong winds create fetch)

SCA protocol:

  • High winds ≥40 knots (74 km/h): Transit normally delayed, but not always (Ever Given transited in 40-knot winds)
  • Sandstorm + high winds: SCA should suspend transits, but economic pressure to maintain $20M/day revenue → risk tolerance

3. Human and Technical Error

Ever Given's SCA chairman stated weather was "not the main reason"—implying human or technical error:

  • Pilot error: SCA pilots guide ships through canal (mandatory). Possible errors: miscalculation of wind drift, late course correction
  • Steering failure: Ship lost maneuverability at critical moment—possible mechanical failure (rudder, thruster, propulsion)
  • Bridge coordination: Container ships have 20+ crew, 2-3 SCA pilots—communication failures can cause critical delays in evasive action

4. Congestion and Pressure

Suez Canal transits ~50-60 ships per day (25,000 annually):

  • Convoy system: Northbound convoy (morning), southbound convoy (afternoon), alternating every 12 hours
  • Spacing: Ships travel 500-1,000 meters apart (close quarters for 400m vessels)
  • Economic pressure: SCA earns $9.4 billion/year in tolls ($25-26M/day). Any delay = lost revenue → pressure to transit in marginal weather

Historical Grounding Frequency

Suez Canal major groundings / blockages (1956-2024):

  • 1956: Suez Crisis (war, canal closed 5 months)
  • 1967-1975: Six-Day War (canal closed 8 years)
  • 1980s-2010s: 5-10 minor groundings/collisions (cleared in 6-24 hours)
  • 2021: Ever Given (6 days)
  • 2023: Maersk Gibraltar grounded (cleared same day)

Operational blockages (≥24 hours, excluding wars): 1 major event per 10-20 years (Ever Given is the worst in 50 years of peacetime operation).

Annual probability (excluding war):

  • ≥3-day blockage: 2-4% (based on 1 event per 25-50 years)
  • ≥7-day blockage: 0.5-1% (Ever Given-level severity)

But: As ships get larger and traffic increases, probability rises:

  • 2025-2030 estimate: 3-5% annual probability of ≥3-day blockage, 1-2% for ≥7 days

SCA mitigation: $3 billion canal widening project (2022-2026) aims to reduce blockage risk by:

  • Widening southern section from 300m to 400m (adds 100m margin)
  • Deepening canal from 24m to 26m (allows deeper-draft ships)
  • Adding second lane in northern section (if one ship grounds, other lane remains open)

Effectiveness: Reduces ≥7-day blockage probability from 1-2% to 0.3-0.5% (improvement but not elimination).


How Prediction Markets Price and Hedge Future Ever Givens

Binary Contract: "Suez Canal Closed ≥5 Days in 2025"

Contract specification:

  • Question: "Will the Suez Canal be closed to commercial vessel traffic for 5 or more consecutive days between January 1 and December 31, 2025?"
  • Settlement: YES if Lloyd's List / Marine Traffic data confirms ≥5-day closure (any cause: grounding, war, sabotage, maintenance); NO otherwise
  • Payout: YES = $1.00, NO = $0.00

Current market price (hypothetical, Jan 2025):

  • YES: $0.03 (3% probability, reflecting 1-2% historical + 1% ULCV risk premium)
  • NO: $0.97

Hedging use cases:

1. European Importer (Electronics)

  • Exposure: $200M annual inventory via Suez; ≥5-day closure → $50-80M loss (airfreight substitution + lost sales)
  • Hedge: Buy $60M notional YES at $0.03 = $1.8M premium
  • If blockage: Payout $60M (offsets 75-120% of loss)
  • If no blockage: Lose $1.8M (0.9% of annual inventory cost, acceptable)

2. Auto Manufacturer (Just-in-Time Parts)

  • Exposure: $1B annual parts from Asia; ≥5-day closure → $100-150M lost production
  • Hedge: Buy $100M notional YES at $0.03 = $3M premium
  • If blockage: Payout $100M (offsets 67-100% of loss)
  • If no blockage: Lose $3M (0.3% of parts budget)

3. Shipping Line (Capacity Provider)

  • Strategy: Sell YES (collect premium, profit from rate spike if blockage occurs)
  • Sell: $200M notional YES at $0.03 = collect $6M premium
  • If no blockage: Keep $6M premium (pure profit)
  • If blockage: Pay $200M, but gain $500M-1B from rate spike (like Ever Given 2021) → net +$300-800M

Scalar Contract: "Days of Suez Closure in 2025"

Contract specification:

  • Question: "How many cumulative days will the Suez Canal be closed to commercial vessel traffic in 2025?"
  • Outcome buckets:
    1. 0 days (normal operations)
    2. 1-2 days (minor disruption)
    3. 3-7 days (Ever Given-level)
    4. 8-30 days (major war/sabotage)
    5. 31+ days (extended conflict)
  • Settlement: Sum of all closure days in 2025
  • Payout: Winning bucket pays $1.00, all others $0.00

Current market prices (hypothetical):

  • 0 days: $0.70 (70% probability, normal year)
  • 1-2 days: $0.20 (20%, minor groundings)
  • 3-7 days: $0.08 (8%, Ever Given-level)
  • 8-30 days: $0.015 (1.5%, major incident)
  • 31+ days: $0.005 (0.5%, war scenario)

Trading strategies:

1. Importer hedging tail risk

  • Buy "3-7 days" at $0.08 (Ever Given scenario)
  • Notional: $50M × $0.08 = $4M premium
  • Payout if 3-7 day closure: $50M

2. Trader arbitrage vs. freight futures

  • Thesis: Freight futures price 15% probability of rate spike, but Suez market prices only 8% blockage risk → mispricing
  • Trade: Buy "3-7 days" Suez bucket at $0.08, sell freight futures call options at $0.15 implied probability
  • Profit: Collect spread if probabilities converge

FAQ: Ever Given and Suez Operational Risk

How long was the Ever Given stuck in the Suez Canal?

The Ever Given was grounded from March 23-29, 2021—six days total. The 400-meter-long, 224,000-ton container ship ran aground at 07:40 Egypt time on March 23 during high winds (74 km/h / 40 knots) and a sandstorm. The ship's bow lodged into the eastern bank, and its stern swung into the western bank, blocking both northbound and southbound lanes of the canal.

Salvage crews from Royal Boskalis Westminster / Smit Salvage refloated the vessel on March 29 at 15:00 using 12+ tugboats (160,000 horsepower combined), dredgers (removing 1 million cubic feet of sand/silt from under bow/stern), and releasing 9,000 tons of ballast water to lighten the ship. The backlog of 369-430 delayed vessels took until April 3 to clear (5 additional days).

How much cargo was delayed by the Ever Given blockage?

Lloyd's List estimated $9.6 billion worth of goods were delayed per day, or $400 million per hour. Over the 6-day blockage, approximately $54-60 billion in total cargo value was delayed.

This included:

  • 280+ container ships carrying consumer goods (IKEA furniture, Nike shoes, Samsung electronics), apparel, and home goods
  • 41 bulk carriers with grain, coal, and iron ore
  • 24 crude oil tankers representing 16.9 million tons deadweight (approximately 170 million barrels of crude oil)
  • 15 LNG carriers with liquefied natural gas

Each additional day of delay tied up 0.5% of global shipping capacity (ships stuck in queue unable to make other voyages).

Could shipping lines have hedged Ever Given blockage risk?

No—there was no financial instrument available in March 2021 to hedge "probability of Suez Canal operational blockage for ≥5 days."

Why existing instruments failed:

  1. Freight futures (FFAs): Hedge Asia-Europe freight rates, not canal closures. Even though Ever Given caused rates to spike +47% ($1,500 → $2,200/FEU), FFAs only covered rate volatility, not the underlying supply chain disruption costs (lost sales, airfreight substitution, inventory financing). For retailers like Zara facing $100M in losses, FFA payouts were $2-4M (2-4% of actual loss).

  2. Marine hull insurance: Covers physical damage to vessels, not economic losses to cargo owners waiting for delayed shipments. Ever Given's insurers paid the $150-200M settlement to the Suez Canal Authority, but this didn't compensate the $60-75 billion in losses to importers, retailers, and manufacturers.

  3. Cargo insurance: Covers physical damage or loss of cargo (theft, sinking, fire) but excludes "loss of market" (can't sell Spring 2021 inventory in Fall 2021 at full price) and "consequential damages" (lost sales from late inventory). European retailers couldn't claim $4-6B in lost sales.

  4. Political risk insurance (PRI): Covers war, terrorism, government actions—but excludes operational failures like ship groundings or weather events. Ever Given was not a political event, so PRI wouldn't pay out.

What was needed: A prediction market contract like "Suez Canal closed ≥5 days in March 2021?" at 2-3% probability. Importers could have bought $50-100M notional YES for $1-3M premium and collected $50-100M payouts when the blockage occurred—offsetting 80-100% of actual losses.

What was the economic cost of the Ever Given blockage?

Estimates vary depending on what's included, but the total economic impact was $70-85 billion:

Direct cargo delays: $54-60 billion (6 days × $9.6B/day in delayed goods)

Supply chain disruptions: $10-15 billion

  • Manufacturing shutdowns (Toyota, VW, Foxconn): $3-5B lost production
  • Inventory shortages (H&M, Zara, IKEA): $4-6B lost sales
  • Airfreight substitution: $2-3B incremental costs (importers paying $5-8/kg vs. $0.15/kg ocean freight)

Freight rate impact: $10-15 billion over 3-6 months

  • Asia-Europe spot rates spiked +47% from $1,500 to $2,200/FEU, sustaining elevated rates for 2-3 months
  • Cumulative incremental freight costs to importers: $10-15B

Insurance/legal: $0.2-0.5 billion (SCA settlement + cargo claims)

Total: $73.2-89.5 billion (midpoint: ~$80 billion)

For context:

  • 2008 financial crisis: $10-15 trillion over 3-4 years
  • Ever Given: $70-85 billion in 6 days (0.5-0.7% of one year's GFC impact, compressed into a week)
  • COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2021): $10-20 trillion globally over 2 years

The Ever Given was the most expensive peacetime shipping incident in history (excluding wars).

What caused the Ever Given to run aground?

The Ever Given grounded during a sandstorm with wind gusts of 74 km/h (40 knots) on March 23, 2021 at 07:40 Egypt time. Egyptian meteorologists confirmed high winds affected the area, with some reports citing wind speeds up to 50 km/h (31 mph) sustained and 74 km/h gusts.

However, Admiral Osama Rabie, chairman of the Suez Canal Authority (SCA), told a press conference that weather conditions were "not the main reasons" for the ship's grounding. He added that "there may have been technical or human errors," suggesting:

  1. Navigation/piloting error: SCA-mandated pilots guide ships through the canal. Possible miscalculation of wind drift, late course correction, or misjudgment of the ship's turning radius.
  2. Steering/mechanical failure: Ship lost maneuverability at a critical moment—possible failure of rudder, thrusters, or propulsion systems.
  3. Bridge coordination failure: With 20+ crew and 2-3 SCA pilots, communication breakdowns can delay evasive action.

Physical dynamics: The Ever Given is 400m long and 59m wide. When the ship lost steering (wind push + possible rudder failure), it turned diagonally across the 300m-wide canal. At a 45° angle, the ship's diagonal span is ~566m (Pythagoras: √(400² + 59²) = √163,481 = 404m hull + 59m beam diagonal ≈ 566m effective span). This exceeded the canal width by 266m, causing the bow to lodge in the eastern bank and the stern to swing into the western bank, blocking both lanes.

Key takeaway: Ultra-large container vessels (ULCVs) have no margin for error in the Suez Canal. A 400m ship in a 300m canal, even slight loss of control creates geometric blockage.

How do prediction markets hedge Suez blockage risk?

Prediction markets offer binary and scalar contracts on Suez Canal closure events, providing the first event-specific, liquid hedging instrument for chokepoint operational risk.

Example: Binary contract

  • Question: "Suez Canal closed ≥5 days in Q2 2025?"
  • Current price: YES at $0.03 (3% implied probability)
  • Hedging use case: European retailer importing $200M annual inventory via Suez
    • Exposure: ≥5-day closure → $50-80M loss (airfreight + lost sales)
    • Hedge: Buy $60M notional YES at $0.03 = $1.8M premium
    • If blockage: YES pays $60M, offsetting 75-120% of actual loss
    • If no blockage: Lose $1.8M premium (0.9% of annual inventory cost, acceptable hedging expense)

Advantages vs. traditional instruments:

  1. Event-specific: Unlike freight futures (which price generic Asia-Europe rates for any reason: demand, fuel costs, strikes), prediction markets price "probability of Suez closure" explicitly. Payout only if Suez closes, not if rates spike for other reasons.

  2. Fast settlement: 24-48 hours post-event (once Lloyd's List / Marine Traffic confirms closure duration) vs. 12-36 months for insurance claims (which require legal arbitration, loss documentation, negotiations).

  3. Tradable liquidity: Unlike insurance (buy policy, pay premium for full year, zero recovery if event doesn't occur), prediction markets allow participants to buy/sell as probabilities change:

    • Feb 2025: Buy YES at $0.03 (3% probability)
    • March 2025: Weather reports show major sandstorms forecast → probability rises to 6%, YES trades at $0.06
    • Sell: Lock in $0.03 profit (100% gain) without waiting for blockage
  4. No underwriter restrictions: Insurance has coverage limits ($100-200M per policyholder), exclusions (war, terrorism, operational failures), and underwriter capacity constraints. Prediction markets have unlimited notional (limited only by market liquidity, typically $50-500M per contract on major platforms).

Who should hedge:

  • Importers/Retailers: Hedge inventory delay risk
  • Manufacturers: Hedge just-in-time parts shortages
  • Oil refiners: Hedge crude oil supply disruptions
  • Shipping lines: Sell blockage risk (collect premiums, profit from rate spikes if blockage occurs)

Who was most affected by the Ever Given blockage?

Primary losers (absorbed $60-75 billion in costs):

1. European retailers ($5-10 billion losses)

  • H&M, Zara, Inditex: $800M-1.2B in lost Spring sales (delayed inventory arrived late, discounted 30-40%)
  • IKEA: $600-900M in lost furniture sales (stockouts for 3-4 weeks in UK, Germany, France)
  • Nike, Adidas: $300-500M in footwear margin compression
  • Decathlon, Primark: $1-2B combined (fast fashion/sporting goods delayed)

2. Auto manufacturers ($3-5 billion losses)

  • Toyota: $400-600M (3 European plants reduced shifts waiting for wiring harnesses, sensors from Asia)
  • Volkswagen: $800M-1.2B (5 plants cut production 10-20%)
  • Renault: $200-300M (2 plants halted shifts)
  • Ford, GM: $500M-800M (less exposed, but still affected by Asian electronics)

3. Asian exporters ($10-15 billion delayed revenue)

  • Chinese factories: $10-12B in delayed payments (cargo stuck → payment on delivery delayed 2-3 weeks → cash flow strain, some factories unable to pay workers on time)
  • Vietnam garment manufacturers: $2-3B delayed export revenue

4. Oil refiners ($5-8 billion incremental costs)

  • European refiners (TotalEnergies, Eni, Repsol): Forced to buy spot crude from Atlantic Basin at $5-8/barrel premium (vs. waiting for delayed Middle East cargoes)
  • 24 tankers × 7.1M barrels/tanker × $6/barrel premium = $1B direct incremental cost
  • Additional $4-7B from cascading spot market purchases over 2-3 months

Primary winners ($10-15 billion gains):

1. Shipping lines ($8-12 billion profits)

  • Maersk, MSC, Hapag-Lloyd, CMA CGM: Captured $700/FEU rate spike (from $1,500 to $2,200) sustained for 2-3 months
  • Maersk alone: Q2 2021 EBITDA $4.1B (vs. $1.9B Q2 2020, +116%), with $500M-800M attributed to Ever Given rate spike
  • Collective industry profit surge: $8-12B over Q2-Q3 2021

2. Airfreight carriers ($2-3 billion incremental revenue)

  • Cathay Pacific, Emirates, FedEx, DHL: 10,000-15,000 tons of urgent cargo airfreighted at $5-8/kg vs. $0.15/kg ocean freight
  • Revenue: 15,000 tons × $6.50/kg = $97.5M immediate surge, plus $2-3B over 2-3 months as importers front-ran future disruptions

3. Salvage companies ($50-80 million)

  • Royal Boskalis Westminster / Smit Salvage: 6-day salvage operation (dredging, tugs, expertise) earned $50-80M contract

Neutral:

Suez Canal Authority: Lost $120M in tolls (6 days × $20M/day), gained $150-200M settlement → net +$30-80M. But suffered reputation damage and announced $3 billion canal widening project (2022-2026) to prevent recurrence.

Could the Ever Given blockage happen again?

Yes—and the probability is increasing as container ships get larger and Suez traffic grows.

Risk factors:

1. Ultra-large container vessels (ULCVs) now account for 25% of global capacity

  • Ships ≥20,000 TEU: 50+ vessels (Ever Given is 20,000 TEU)
  • Ships ≥18,000 TEU: 150+ vessels
  • Ships on order (23,000-24,000 TEU): 30+ vessels (MSC, CMA CGM)

Suez Canal width: 300-350 meters (southern section). A 400m ship turned diagonally has ~566m effective span (exceeds canal width by 216-266m). One degree of misalignment = blockage.

2. Sandstorms occur 10-20 days per year in Egypt (March-May peak)

  • Wind gusts: 50-80 km/h (30-50 mph), occasionally 100+ km/h
  • Visibility: fewer than 500 meters during sandstorms

SCA should suspend transits during extreme weather, but economic pressure to maintain $20-26M/day toll revenue creates risk tolerance.

3. Human/technical error remains constant

  • SCA pilots guide every ship (mandatory), but mistakes happen (miscalculation, late course correction)
  • Mechanical failures: steering, rudders, thrusters, propulsion (modern ships have redundancy, but not failproof)

4. Traffic congestion

  • 50-60 ships/day (25,000 annually), traveling 500-1,000 meters apart in convoys
  • Close quarters for 400m vessels leave little room for evasive action

Historical frequency:

  • Operational blockages (≥24 hours): 1 major event per 10-20 years (excluding wars)
  • Ever Given-level (≥5 days): First in 50+ years of peacetime operation

Future probability estimate (2025-2030):

  • ≥3-day blockage: 3-5% annual (up from 2-4% historically, due to larger ships)
  • ≥7-day blockage: 1-2% annual (Ever Given-level severity)

SCA mitigation ($3 billion project, 2022-2026):

  • Widen southern section from 300m to 400m (adds 100m margin)
  • Deepen canal from 24m to 26m (allows deeper-draft ships)
  • Add second lane in northern section (if one ship grounds, other lane open)

Effectiveness: Reduces ≥7-day blockage probability from 1-2% to 0.3-0.5%—improvement but not elimination.

Bottom line: Another Ever Given-style blockage is not a matter of if, but when. With prediction markets, you can finally hedge it.

What was the insurance settlement for the Ever Given?

The Ever Given's owners (Shoei Kisen, Japanese shipping company) and insurers reached a confidential settlement with the Suez Canal Authority (SCA) in July 2021, after the ship and cargo were held in the Great Bitter Lake (canal anchorage) for 3 months while negotiations proceeded.

SCA claims:

  • Initial demand (April 2021): $916 million
    • Salvage costs: $300-400M (tugs, dredgers, Royal Boskalis fees)
    • Lost canal tolls: $120M (6 days × $20M/day)
    • Reputational damage: $300M (canal viewed as unsafe, future revenue risk)
    • "General inconvenience": $200M
  • Revised demand (June 2021): $550 million (after negotiations, SCA dropped reputational/inconvenience claims)

Final settlement (July 2021): Undisclosed (estimated $150-200 million)

  • Split among:
    1. Hull & Machinery (H&M) insurers: Paid majority (covering vessel damage, salvage costs)
    2. Protection & Indemnity (P&I) clubs: UK P&I Club and Japanese marine mutual insurers (covering third-party liabilities, SCA toll losses)
    3. Cargo insurers: Contributed minor portion (cargo delayed but not physically damaged)

Settlement timeline: 4 months (March 23 grounding → July 7 agreement)—far too slow for importers who needed immediate liquidity to cover:

  • Airfreight substitutions ($2-3B incremental costs paid March-April)
  • Lost sales ($4-6B, realized April-May when inventory arrived late)
  • Inventory financing ($200-300M in interest costs)

Lesson: Insurance pays eventually, but 4-month delay means businesses must self-finance losses during the critical period. Prediction markets offer 24-48 hour settlement, providing immediate cash when it's needed most.


Trade Suez Operational Risk on Ballast Markets

Ballast Markets offers prediction markets on Suez Canal operational disruptions, enabling importers, retailers, manufacturers, and shippers to hedge Ever Given-style blockage risk with event-specific contracts and 24-48 hour settlement.

Available Contracts

Suez Canal Closure (Binary):

  • Quarterly closure binary (≥5 days disruption, Ever Given threshold)
  • Annual closure binary (≥7 days cumulative disruption)
  • Monthly blockage binary (≥24 hours obstruction)

Suez Canal Transit Volume (Scalar):

  • Weekly transit count (buckets: fewer than 30, 30-40, 40-50, 50+ vessels)
  • Monthly capacity utilization (% of baseline 50-60 ships/day)

Red Sea Routing (related chokepoint risk):

  • Monthly Red Sea traffic percentage (% of Asia-Europe capacity via Suez vs. Cape)

SCA Operational Metrics:

  • Average transit time (hours, normal 12-16 vs. congestion 20+ hours)
  • Grounding incidents binary (≥1 major grounding per quarter)

How to Get Started

  1. Create Account →: Free registration, KYC verification for U.S. and international participants
  2. Explore Suez Markets →: Live Suez closure, transit volume, and operational contracts with real-time pricing
  3. Learn to Trade →: 20-minute tutorial on mechanics, hedging strategies, settlement
  4. API Access →: Institutional integration for automated hedging, risk monitoring, and portfolio rebalancing

Enterprise hedging support: Contact [email protected] for custom contracts, bulk liquidity provision, or white-labeled prediction markets for internal supply chain risk management.


Conclusion: Hedging the Unhedgeable

Six days. One ship. $70-85 billion in global economic damage.

The Ever Given didn't just block the Suez Canal—it exposed the most dangerous gap in global trade risk management: chokepoint operational risk is unhedgeable. Freight futures hedge rates, not closures. Insurance covers vessels, not supply chain disruptions. Political risk policies exclude operational failures.

When the Ever Given grounded on March 23, 2021, European retailers like H&M and Zara watched $800 million to $1.2 billion in Spring inventory get delayed three weeks. Auto manufacturers like Toyota and Volkswagen shut down production lines when $1.5-2.5 billion worth of just-in-time parts didn't arrive. Asian exporters lost $10-15 billion in delayed cash flow. Oil refiners paid $5-8 billion in premium spot crude purchases.

And no one could hedge it.

Freight Forward Agreements paid out $2-4 million for retailers facing $100 million in losses (2-4% hedging effectiveness). Cargo insurance denied claims for "loss of market" and "consequential damages." Political risk insurance didn't cover ship groundings. Importers, manufacturers, and retailers absorbed $60-75 billion in losses with zero financial protection.

Meanwhile, shipping lines captured $8-12 billion in profits from the +47% freight rate spike. The Ever Given blockage wasn't a cost for carriers—it was a windfall. Capacity tightened (2,214 ship-days removed from market), spot rates spiked from $1,500 to $2,200 per container, and Maersk posted a +116% EBITDA surge in Q2 2021.

The Ever Given revealed a perverse asymmetry: The actors who face catastrophic losses from Suez blockages (importers, retailers, manufacturers) had no hedging instruments. The actors who profit from blockages (shipping lines) had no incentive to prevent them. And the Suez Canal Authority, facing $120 million in lost tolls, settled for $150-200 million and moved on.

Can it happen again? Yes. With 50+ ultra-large container vessels (≥20,000 TEU, 400+ meters long) now sailing through a 300-meter-wide canal, another Ever Given is not a matter of if, but when. Annual blockage probability: 3-5% for ≥3 days, 1-2% for ≥7 days. The SCA is widening the canal (2022-2026), but that only reduces risk to 0.3-0.5% for ≥7-day closures—not zero.

For the first time, prediction markets offer a solution. A binary contract on "Suez Canal closed ≥5 days in Q2 2025?" at 3% probability allows importers to buy $50-100 million notional protection for $1.5-3 million in premium—and collect $50-100 million payouts if the next Ever Given occurs, offsetting 80-100% of actual losses. Settlement in 24-48 hours, not 4 months. Tradable liquidity, not illiquid insurance policies. Event-specific hedging, not generic freight rate futures.

The Ever Given cost the world $70-85 billion. The next one doesn't have to.

Explore Suez Canal Markets →


Sources

  • Lloyd's List, "Ever Given Suez Canal blockage: cargo value estimates" (March 2021)
  • Port Economics, Management and Policy, "Blockage of the Suez Canal, March 2021" (academic analysis)
  • CNBC, "Suez Canal blockage delaying $400 million per hour in goods" (March 25, 2021)
  • Project44, "The Global Economic Impact of Suez Canal Blockage" (2021)
  • Wikipedia, "2021 Suez Canal obstruction" (comprehensive timeline and sources)
  • Marine Traffic, vessel tracking data for Ever Given and delayed ships (March-April 2021)
  • Suez Canal Authority (SCA), official statements and settlement announcements (March-July 2021)
  • Royal Boskalis Westminster, salvage operation details and press releases (March 2021)
  • Maersk, MSC, Hapag-Lloyd quarterly earnings reports (Q2 2021)
  • IMF PortWatch, global maritime trade data (accessed October 2024)
  • Freightos Index, Asia-Europe container spot rates (March-May 2021)
  • Lloyd's of London, war risk insurance premium data (2021)

Disclaimer: This content is for informational and educational purposes only and does not constitute financial, investment, or legal advice. Trading prediction markets involves risk of loss. Past performance (including Ever Given blockage impacts on freight rates and economic costs) does not guarantee future results. Suez Canal blockage probabilities cited are illustrative market estimates and do not represent certainty. Consult a qualified financial advisor before making hedging or investment decisions. Ballast Markets is a product of Blink AI (https://blinklabs.ai, [email protected]). For more information, see Risk Disclosures.

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